Cross-Chain

Cross-chain refers to the ability to move assets, data, or execute logic across independent blockchain networks. It solves the problem of blockchain fragmentation — where liquidity, users, and applications are siloed on separate chains. Cross-chain infrastructure includes bridges, messaging protocols like LayerZero and Wormhole, and interoperability standards. Cross-chain bridge exploits have accounted for billions in losses due to the complexity of securing state across chains.